Cancer is a disease caused by cells that divide uncontrollably and capable of spreading to other organs of the body, and there are 100 type of cancers.
Causes:
Cancer is not usually caused by one factor, it can be caused by many different factors, and the reasons for its cause are still largely unknown. However, the causes of cancer include the followings:
- Carcinogens and chemical materials.
- Radiation.
- Hormonal imbalance and genetic mutations.
- Genetic factor.
Symptoms:
- Appearance of tumor or lump anywhere in the body.
- Continuous constipation or diarrhea.
- Difficulty swallowing or digestion.
- Abnormal bleeding or blood in the stool or urine.
- Disruption in the menstrual cycle in women without reason or abnormal vaginal discharge.
- A noticeable change in moles or wart.
- Annoying and persistent coughing or change in the sound.
- Permanent wound or sore that doesn't heal.
- Weight loss for no obvious reason and night sweats or fever.
Diagnosis:
Cancer is diagnosed in some people through medical tests such:
- Blood laboratory tests.
- Regular X-rays, CT or MRI.
- Endoscopic such as colonoscopy.
- A biopsy of the tumor.
Risk Factors:
- Prolonged and unprotected exposure to direct sunrays is one of the factors of skin cancer.
- Smoking and second hand smoking.
- Eating unhealthy foods.
- Obesity and lack of exercise.
- Genetic factors.
- Unsafe exposure to contaminated materials or active radiation.
Complications:
Cancer may lead to many complications such as:
- Proliferation of cancer cells in the body.
- Not responding to treatment or reoccurrence of the disease.
Treatment:
- Surgical treatment.
- Radiation therapy.
- Chemotherapy.
- Immunotherapy.
- Hormone therapy.
- Genetic therapy.
Prevention:
- Quitting smoking.
- Avoiding obesity and maintaining normal weight.
- Avoiding prolonged exposure to harmful sunrays.
- Eating vegetables and fruits and healthy foods rich in fiber.
- Exercising regularly.
- Consulting your doctor in case of any abnormal changes in your body.
