Respiratory diseases are among the most common diseases of Hajj, and lower respiratory tract infections “pneumonia” are less common than upper respiratory tract infections “colds, common cold, etc.”, but they are more dangerous than them, and may cause serious complications if not treated, and they occur due to germs or viruses transmitted through droplets when coughing or sneezing.
Ways of transmission:
- It is transmitted (e.g.: influenza) through direct contact with the infected.
- Inhaling droplets from the patient during coughing or sneezing.
- Touching the patient's tools or contaminated surfaces, then touching the mouth, nose or eyes.
- Camels are one of the sources of infection with Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV).
Tips for a patient with a cold and flu during Hajj and Umrah:
- Drink a lot of water and fluids, especially warm ones, to help calm the cough.
- Rest as much as possible.
- Take painkillers and reduce fever (unless there is something to prevent it) according to medical instructions.
- Raise the head while sleeping using extra pillows to facilitate breathing and help the chest get rid of phlegm.
- Wear a mask most of the time and stay as far away as possible from the rest of the pilgrims in the camp to avoid spreading the infection among them.
- Avoid taking any antibiotics without consulting a doctor.
Ways to prevent infection:
- Ensure that all vaccination doses are completed well before Hajj.
- Wash hands thoroughly with soap and water or an antiseptic on a regular basis, especially when returning to the camp when coughing or sneezing, or before eating or handling foods, and after using the toilet.
- Avoid direct touching of eyes, nose and mouth with hands as much as possible.
- Use a tissue when coughing or sneezing, cover your mouth and nose with it, and dispose it in the waste basket. Wash your hands thoroughly. If tissues are not available, you can use the upper arm, not the palm of your hand.
- Wear masks, especially in times of heavy crowds, and avoid direct contact with the injured as much as possible, or use their tools.
- Avoid direct contact or sharing personal items with infected persons.
- Clean and disinfect frequently touched objects and surfaces in the vicinity of your camp stay.
- Open windows/doors to let in fresh air when sharing a space with others.
- Seek medical advice at the nearest health center when symptoms appear (such as: fever, cough, or increased shortness of breath).
- Avoid performing the rituals at very crowded times as much as possible.
- Stay away from direct cold air currents (e.g.: air conditioners), especially when the body is sweating, as the extreme variation in body temperature affects health.