Overview:
- Vaginal yeast infection (VYI) is a fungal infection that affects the vagina, and is not sexually transmitted.
- Yeast infection can be transmitted to the sex partner.
- VYI is caused to changes in the natural vaginal environment.
- VYI symptoms are similar to the symptoms associated with other vaginal infections.
- VYI is usually treated with antibiotics, and can be prevented by following the prevention guidelines.
Introduction:
Vaginal yeast infection (VYI) is a fungal infection that affects women of all ages. It is rare, however, before puberty. Although the yeast infection is not a sexually transmitted infection, it can be transmitted to the sex partner.
Names:
Vaginal yeast infection (VYI), yeast infection, vaginal fungal infection, vaginal candidiasis
Cause:
The vaginal naturally contains certain types of fungi, without causing any health problems. The yeast infection occurs when changes in the natural vaginal environment stimulate overgrowth of the fungi.
Risk factors:
- Pregnancy
- Obesity
- Some medical conditions (e.g. Diabetes)
- Some medications (e.g. antibiotics)
- High levels of estrogen
- Some contraception medicines (especially if administered orally) and hormonal therapies
- Immunodeficiency
Symptoms:
Yeast infection symptoms can range from mild to moderate, and include:
- Itching and irritation in the vagina;
- Redness and swelling of the vulva;
- A burning sensation, especially during intercourse or while urinating;
- Thick, white, odor-free vaginal discharge with a cottage cheese appearance;
These symptoms are similar to the symptoms associated with other vaginal infections, and can be controlled with various medications.
When to see a doctor
- If the above-mentioned symptoms begin to show;
- If you are unsure whether you have a yeast infection;
- If the symptoms aren't relieved after treatment.
Complications:
There are no severe VYI-associated complications. However, the yeast infection may develop inflammations or blisters in the vaginal area.
Diagnosis:
- Medical history
- Clinical examination
- Laboratory tests: by examining a sample of the vaginal secretions.
Treatment:
The yeast infection is usually treated with anti-fungal medications (oral medicines, creams, gels, or vaginal suppositories). If the infection is severe or recurrent, other interventions may be necessary.
Prevention:
- Wear loose cotton pantyhose, and change it regularly;
- Avoid using too strong cleaning products when washing underwear;
- Change the wet cloths (such as swimsuits) immediately;
- Avoid antibiotic use, unless prescribed by the doctor;
- Avoid antibiotic use for prevention; this may make your body resistant to the medications in the future;
- Avoid bathing with too hot water;
- Keep the vaginal area dry;
- Unless prescribed by a gynecologist, don't use vaginal lotions;
- Avoid applying deodorant soap or other products to the vaginal area;
- After using toilet, wipe front to back, and not the other way round.
FAQ:
Can the vaginal yeast infection (VYI) recur?
- Yes, VYI can recur.
Can VYI affect other parts of the body?
- No, VYI cannot affect other parts of the body.
Can the yeast infection be caused by the vaginal bacteria?
- Yes, the yeast infection can be triggered by the vaginal bacteria. This is the most common cause of the yeast infection in women of reproductive age.
Myths & Truths:
- The yeast infection cannot affect men.
- Truth: The yeast infection can affect men. Therefore, the man who observes fungi on his genitals should seek medical help immediately.
- The yeast infection cannot be treated during pregnancy.
- Truth: The yeast infection can be treated during pregnancy by taking the proper medication that does not affect the fetus.
- The yeast infection can be treated by douching with a brine.
- Truth: Not true; fungal infections cannot be treated with a brine.