It is a fungal infection of the vagina that causes itching and burning in the area surrounding the vagina. Women and girls of all ages can be infected, and it is considered rare before puberty and after menopause.
Causes:
Vaginal yeast infections are caused by an overgrowth of Candida (a type of fungus). Candida lives naturally on the skin and inside the body (such as the mouth, throat, intestines, and vagina) without causing any problems. Candida can cause an infection if conditions inside the vagina change to encourage its growth (Such as: hormones, medications, or changes in the immune system) that can increase the likelihood of infection
Risk factors:
- Pregnancy.
- Lack of control of diabetes.
- Hormonal contraceptives (such as birth control pills).
- Use of vaginal lotion or sprays.
- Weakened immune system (e.g.: infection with HIV).
- Taking some medications that weaken the immune system (such as: steroids or chemotherapy).
- Recently taken antibiotics.
Symptoms:
- Severe itching in and around the vagina (most common).
- Burning, redness, and swelling of the vagina and vulva
- Pain and discomfort when urinating
- Pain during intercourse
- Thick, white vaginal secretion that looks like cheese and has no unpleasant odor.
It is often mild; However, some women can develop a severe infection that includes redness, swelling, and cracks in the vaginal wall.
Treatment:
Treatment is usually done with antifungal medications in the form of creams, tablets, ointments, or suppositories that are inserted into the vagina.
Prevention:
- Do not use douche, as it removes some of the natural bacteria present in the vagina that protect against infection.
- Do not use scented products, including bubble baths, sprays, sanitary pads, and vaginal tampons.
- Change tampons, sanitary pads, and panty liners regularly.
- Take prescribed antibiotics for the same duration as prescribed by the doctor only.
- Avoid wearing tight underwear; These can increase body temperature and moisture in the genital area.
- Wear cotton underwear; Cotton underwear helps keep the body dry and does not trap warmth and moisture.
- Change wet swimwear and exercise clothes and do not sit therein for a long time.
- After using the bathroom, always wipe from front to back.
- Avoid hot tubs and very hot baths.
- If you have diabetes, you must ensure that your blood sugar is under control.