​​The Ministry of Health (MOH) works to provide health care at all levels, promote public health, prevent diseases, set laws and regulations governing the public and private health sectors, monitor their performance, in addition to developing interest in research, academic training, and areas of health investment. MOH provides free health care to citizens in public health facilities, according to the new healthcare law that meets the health sector requirements. By virtue of the Royal Decree No. 5/11/8697, dated 26/08/1370H./1951, MOH was established as a specialized body, assuming full supervision of health affairs in the Kingdom. MOH witnessed great developments that were milestones on the road to advancing the health sector and achieving the aspirations of His Majesty King Abdulaziz bin Abdulrahman, May Allah bestow His mercy upon him. At the present time, MOH is witnessing unprecedented developments in promoting the health sector and achieving the aspirations of the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques, King Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, and His Royal Highness Prince Muhammad bin Salman, the Crown Prince.

His Excellency the Minister of Health is at the top of MOH organizational structure, and several departments and offices are affiliated to him, such as: Vision Realization Office, Patient Experience Center, Secretariat of Health Councils, Authorities and Institutions, Mystery Visitor Program, in addition to Health Affairs General Directorates in all regions, and others. There are two vice ministers: The Vice Minister for Health Affairs, and the Vice Minister for Planning and Development, and there are specialized departments and offices affiliated to them. There are two deputy ministers affiliated directly to His Excellency the Minister, namely: The Deputy Minister for Administrative and Financial Affairs, and the Deputy Minister for Human Resources. The Deputy Minister for Public Health and the Deputy Minister for Therapeutic Services are affiliated to the Vice Minister for Health Affairs, while the Deputy Minister for E-Health, the Deputy Minister for Planning and Transformation, and the Deputy Minister for Logistics and Engineering Affairs are affiliated to the Vice Minister for Planning and Development. Besides, MOH features 22 assistant agencies that include all general departments.